Hydraulic Design of Sediment-Trapping Basin in Wadis Using Empirical Equations and Deposition Processes

Reservoirs overflow during flood season because of sedimentation cycles, which severely affects their effectiveness. Siltation is a major problem in dams constructed waterways arid and semi-arid areas. Therefore, the reservoirs wadis lose capacity due to sedimentation. This study determines an optimal design trapping basin on steep slope areas for Wadi Bishah Asir region southwestern Saudi Arabia. The empirical criteria sediment-trapping used mitigate effects King Fahd Dam. upstream dam located wadi presented. Moreover, annual suspended bed sediment load (Qs Qb) techniques estimating volume sediments are used, relationship between efficiency size determined. basins selected reduce amount sediment. One important results this tries create new concept trap wadis, obtained were evaluated using theoretical equations determine appropriate basin. demonstrate that dimensions confinement Lb × Wb hs = 3500 500 1.5 m. Also, these dimensions, was assumed be range 60–70%. should at open check (U/S) proposed enhance its efficiency. Further investigation required understand transport deposition sediments, particularly fine Additionally, traps assessed construction structures aid water resource management disasters.